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摘要：近海风力发电结构在极端地震作用下反应数值模拟涉及几方面问题：塔筒-基础-地基-边界系统有限元模型建立的合理与便利性；地震作用下联合波浪力作用；不同地震波对风电结构体系的不同作用特点。首先，开发了塔筒-筒型基础-地基-透射边界的可视化智能建模程序TJU.WPS （Wind Power Structure）。然后，计算分析大震和波浪联合作用的风力发电结构动力响应，研究结构体系的地震反应对波浪力和不同地震波的敏感性；最后，分析超大震作用下风力发电结构的倒塌破坏模式。结果表明：（1）开发的TJU.WPS程序界面友好方便、快捷、实用可靠；（2）分析并解释了天津波、迁安波和Taft波三种典型地震动及联合波浪力共同作用时风机结构振动的频谱特性，强调了波浪力的不容忽视性：与单独输入地震波相比，波浪力能够显著改变结构动力响应功率谱中能量的分布；（3）论述了三种典型地震动作用下风机结构体系的破坏模式相同点及其区别：超大震作用下风机结构都将脱开地基向上运动，最终回落到地基，但是不同典型地震动下风机结构脱开地基对应的时刻不同。计算结果给出了引起风机结构倒塌破坏不同典型地震动的最小峰值。
关键词：近海风力发电结构；地震；复合筒型基础；波浪力；倒塌
中图分类号：P315.9;U442   文献标识码：A     文章编号：

Abstract: Seismic simulation for the offshore wind structure system involves in the several aspects: the reasonability and convenience for establishing FEM model of the offshore wind structural system of tower tubes-foundation-soil-transmitting boundary; the response of wind structure under earthquake combined with waves force; the response of wind structure under different type of earthquake waves. In this paper, a visual intelligent program called TJU.WPS (Wind Power Structure) for establishing tower tubes-foundation-soil-transmitting boundary is coded and developed successfully. Then, the dynamic characters of structural system is analyzed and explained in theory considering the excitation characteristics, and the sensitivity of the response to wave force and different earthquake waves is analyzed comprehensively. At last, the structural modes of failure are analyzed by selecting unfavorable earthquake wave. Analysis results show that :(1) The developed program TJU.WPS is not only easy to operate , practicable and reliable; (2)The characteristic of the response of wind structure under Tianjin wave, Qianan wave and Taft wave combined with wave force based on frequency field is explained respectively. It is emphasized that wave force can significantly change the energy distribution in the power spectral density (PSD) of the structure of the dynamic response, and it cannot be neglected; (3) The sameness and difference of modes of failure under three typical earthquake waves is discussed that the wind structure disengages soil, then falls to the ground under huge earthquake, and the time that wind structure disengages soil under different earthquake waves is different. The minimum magnitude of Tianjin wave, Qianan wave and Taft wave that causes failure is pointed out.
Keywords: Offshore wind power structure; earthquake; composite bucket foundation; wave force; failure


引言

结论
（1）开发了近海风电复合筒型基础结构体系的可视化智能建模程序TJU.WPS，避免了传统界面GUI操作繁冗性和易错性，界面友好方便、实用可靠。
（2）指出了天津波、迁安波、Taft波三种典型地震动作用下风机结构振动的频域特点。同时，结合理论，解释了大震过程中风机塔筒响应的一些典型现象。
（3）强调了波浪力的不容忽视性：与单独输入地震波相比，波浪力能够显著改变结构动力响应功率谱中能量的分布。
（4）论述了三种典型地震动作用下风机结构体系的破坏模式相同点及其区别：超大震作用下风机结构都将脱开地基向上运动，最终回落到地基，不同典型地震动下风机结构脱开地基对应的时刻以及脱开地基的幅度不同。另外，计算结果给出了引起风机结构倒塌破坏不同典型地震动的最小峰值。
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